Toll-Like Receptor 2 Agonists Exacerbate Accelerated Nephrotoxic Nephritis

Toll-like receptor 2 agonists exacerbate accelerated nephrotoxic nephritis.

Glomerulonephritis can be exacerbated by infection. This study investigated the effect of N-palmitoyl-S-(2,3-bis(palmitoyloxy)-(2R,S)-propyl)-(R)-cysteinyl-seryl-(lysyl)3-lysine (Pam3CysSK4), a synthetic Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) ligand, that was given at immunization on disease severity in accelerated nephrotoxic nephritis. Stimulation of TLR by microbial constituents is known to influence t...

Toll-like receptor 2 agonists inhibit human fibrocyte differentiation

BACKGROUND In healing wounds, some monocytes enter the wound and differentiate into fibroblast-like cells called fibrocytes. Since Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are present on monocytes, and pathogens that can infect a wound have and/or release TLR agonists, we examined whether TLR agonists affect fibrocyte differentiation. RESULTS When human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultu...

CD59a deficiency exacerbates accelerated nephrotoxic nephritis in mice.

CD59 is a complement regulatory protein that inhibits the terminal part of the complement system, the membrane attack complex (MAC), a mediator of renal injury. Mice deficient in the Cd59a gene (mCd59a-/-) were used to investigate the role of CD59 in experimentally induced accelerated nephrotoxic nephritis, a model of immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis. After accelerated nephrotoxic nep...

Exacerbated in C1q-Deficient Mice Accelerated Nephrotoxic Nephritis Is

Toll-Like Receptor 9 Agonists for Cancer Therapy

The immune system has acquired increasing importance as a key player in cancer maintenance and growth. Thus, modulating anti-tumor immune mediators has become an attractive strategy for cancer treatment. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have gradually emerged as potential targets of newer immunotherapies. TLR-9 is preferentially expressed on endosome membranes of B-cells and plasmacytoid dendritic ce...